Launching New Ventures Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words - 1

Launching New Ventures - Dissertation ExampleIn order to hear and develop a tune opportunity, it is necessary to follow certain processes. These processes are analytically described below. At a first level, it is necessary to choose the start on which the processes will be based. The profound come of decision-making has been chosen under the terms that the future conditions of the commercialize involved can non be precisely defined in advance taking into consideration the strong market turbulence because of the global recession. Each of the phases of the processes is justified development relevant literature additional literature is analytically presented in a separate section.2.1 Effectual approachThe effectual approach of the decision-making process is based on the proposition that since certain elements of the future are known, thither are measures that can be taken for controlling it, even if its precise characteristics are not known. In the terms of the business environm ent, the above approach means that the future performance of business plans can be guaranteed at an important level - by taking measures which are appropriate in terms of the rough-cut market conditions. The above approach is not based on the perspective that the exact future conditions of the market can be known, a perspective accepted in the causal approach of decision making. For this reason, the effectual approach has been chosen as most appropriate for checking a business opportunity, since this approach has the following benefits a) it does not require accurate decisions but just effective plans emphasis is given on the construction of the business upchucks and not on the development of a series of decisions this fact can help to save condemnation in realizing the projects, b) it does not require precise goals or stable market environment this fact is an value of the effectual approach taking into consideration the turbulence in the global market, c) it does not require commodious market research, a fact that could also save time/ resources in the completion of the business project involved(Doke et al. 2007).

A Comparison Between the Hmong Shamanism and Num Chai, the Healing Essay

A Comparison Between the Hmong Shamanism and Num Chai, the Healing trip the light fantastic toe of Kung San - Essay ExampleNum Chai which is the Kung San healing dance, is performed from dusk to dawn. Dancers etch their round path around the clap to the resonance of musical cantabile and clapping. During the singing and clapping, a number of the dancers keel over yelling and afflict to dash into the fire but others hold them back. A number of the dancers may bleed from the nostrils while experiencing calculating bodily ache that prompts them to go into distinctive physical postures. Afterwards, several dancers scream out verbal call out at the spirits of the departed who prowl in the shadows of the night (Ryan 15).In some(prenominal) rituals, the shaman is the accomplished healer selected by the spirits who diagnose and treat the illnesses. He does so by traveling both(prenominal) solid grounds and restoring a persons health. Secondly, there is an element of the shamans get ting into a state of trance. They do so in order to cross between the two worlds and communicate with the spirits (Ryan 16). Thirdly, the shamans have to get unloosen of the evil spirits and forces that cause the sickness and restore health. Fourthly, the shamans chant to get into the state of trance. The chanting forms a connection with the spirits as the shaman has to call them. Lastly, there is an element of music in both rituals. Hmong shamans have drumming which marks the beginning of the journey and rattles to help summon the spirits. In the Num Chai, singing and clapping accompany the dancing (Ryan 17).The rituals provide the need for emotional connection between the spirit world and the humans. The humans believe the connection between well being and sickness to the spirits that have to be appeased. Secondly, both rituals provide a sense of community and belonging to which members can identify with. This is beneficial to members who discover health after sickness and impro ve both

City of Santa Anas Purpose, Vision, Values and Goals Essay

City of Santa Anas Purpose, Vision, Values and Goals - Essay ExampleEach element of the good deal is translated into mensural goals. For example, one element of the visions is investment in children (1). The goals set to realize this vision include ensuring a in force(p) community and being a catalyst for the positive pay offment of young people. It also has a vision of appreciation of diversity (2). This vision can be realized by the formulation of a detail goal which is recruit and retain a highly-skilled and diverse workforce (2). From these examples, it is clear that goals flow from vision. After compass the goals, the effectuation process begins. This involves translating the goals into actions or formulating strategies to ensure the goals argon achieved. For the organization purpose to be achieved, every discussion section in the organization should work towards a common goal since each department has specific actions to consummate that flow from the goals. For example , to ensure a safe community the community development agency is required to develop and implement programs to deter and alleviate the effects of illegal behavior (2). ... However, for these actions to be enacted, the support in harm of funds, equipment, and manpower is needed thus, the budgetary allocation is crucial. Through the roles assigned, each department in the city is do aware of what is expected if the council is successful in its endeavor. Identification of vision, goals, and actions is vital in strengthening the governments budgeting process. From the vision, achievable goals are set, and in baffle to achieve the goals, some actions must be performed. In this case, if the actions are performed as expected, it elbow room the vision, as well as the purpose of the organization, will be achieved. For this to happen, resources in cost of finance, materials and equipment, and manpower with required skills are needed. Where do the resources come from? The government has to provide the resources needed for successful implementation of goals, but it cannot just give out resources without a plan. It has to establish how much is needed in order to achieve each goal and allocate resources accordingly. Some goals which are more important are addicted more priority than others. Some actions can also enhance the implementation process by these means reducing the need for financial allocation. For example, by employing a highly skilled diverse workforce continuously, at that place is a possibility to ensure improved systems and high-quality services to customers and to develop the required programs. Thus, it is crucial for the government to pull in vision and objectives, so as to allocate resources efficiently for the overall success of government services and frugal growth.

How Fascism Managed To Come To Power in Italy, In 1922 Essay

How Fascism Managed To Come To Power in Italy, In 1922 - Essay ExampleNational belonging to an ethnicity is highly emphasized in this ideology. It does not promote all tenets of democracy. These range from free media, individual freedom and legislation of laws. Clearly, the attempts to impose the fascist ideas have led to war. For instance, the founding War II and the holocaust show the effects of fascism. Fascist movements stand against all other governmental ideologies and only borrow the ideal-type characteristics that emphasized on ethnicity. Although the emphasis on fascism was nationalism, its main appeal was international. In fascism, thither is intense political patriotism, and it is in this that the fascist leaders build their main foundation on. In this essay, I will discuss factors that enhanced the success of fascism in Italy during Benito Mussolinis regime. The paper majorly focuses on explaining how the success was collectable to the anti-party characteristic of fas cism. Benito Mussolini was the founder and leader of fascism in Italy. From his early life, there was immense interest in fascism as the best technique to improving the system in Italy. As a journalist, his main topics covered on fascism. Mussolini was a original minister in Italy after the First World War. His fascist ideas propelled him to become a powerful figure in Italian politics by this m. After the First World War, closely economies were shattered including Italys economy. It is in this respect that Mussolini emerged as a fascist leader. He create ideas against communism and explained that it was the reason for failure of the Italian state. His fascist ideas were aptly informed and in most cases, they were populist-based. There was excitement in most cities since the unemployment levels were on the rise (Burgwyn, 2012 p16). In his quest to initiate fascism in Italy, Mussolini promised to build Italy and quicken the Roman Empire. He developed armed gangs known as the B lakshirts who dealt with criminal any people do trouble. This group also dissolved protests and strikes. In some Italian cities, the fascist were the police officers. Clearly, fascism by Mussolini was a technique and not a doctrine. He used it to gain credibility that is more public. Mussolini rose as the prime minister when he threatened to organize demonstrations in Rome, in October 1992. This was during the reign of King Emmanuel III. Since Mussolini had big(p) public support, his wish was granted by the king (Townley, 2002 p98). The king understood that he was in no position to counter Mussolinis effect on all the people in Italy. Fascism by this time had grown in terms of public support. Once Mussolini became the prime minister, the king allowed him to be a dictator for a year. Up to this time, there was evident cowardice depicted by King Emmanuel. Mussolini then developed his fascist ideologies in full swing. He reformed most of the existing systems in Italy. These are in t he sense of political, social and economic structures in Italy. Clearly, fascism was a technique used, by Mussolini, to achieve nationalism in Italy but also gain an international appeal. In his first functions as the new prime minister, Mussolini off-key Italy to a totalitarian state. He restructured everything in the Italian state. This was on an effort to build fascism as a strong ideology in Italy. The government had total control over everything in Italy. As the prime ministe

Ommunist Party of Great Britain Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ommunist Party of Great Britain - Assignment ExampleThe prevailing physique understands the conflict from a perspective of logical options given two different hourly durations where one end requires more sequence than the other yet at the same wage amount, a worker would naturally consider being opportune at lesser work hours in order to save time and energy for himself or utilize additional hours with another job to augment his low monetary worth. A capitalist, on the contrary, views the conflict on account not of his superior rank or prominent locate in the society but of seeing how his requirement in achieving a targeted goal or advantage may not be satisfied due to deficiency with time caused by what he would look as uncooperative laborers. Clearly, the class struggle is established via the length of the work day issue, looming tension mingled with respective desires of the capitalist and the worker. Beyond the mere rigid and hierarchical social system that classifies me n into classes, Marx has bygone to exhibit the involvement of capitalistic affairs that overlook societal divisions and that are recipely bound to a mutual agreement on the same level in a capitalist society. Hence, the problem which the work day duration presents is well within the realm of a class struggle that is mainly concerned with the recite of the economy which either class obtains out of production means. (2) What does Marx mean by relative bare evaluate? Explain the different components of relative inordinateness value. (In other words, what strategies do capitalists follow that lead to relative surplus value)? By relative surplus value, Marx pertains to that which is sought through an absolute surplus value that generates a surplus working-day duration to the extent that the laborer exceeds the yield or output equivalent to the value of his normal labor capacity. This includes means of appropriating surplus-labor by capital and presumes that the working-day is alre ady made of necessary labor and surplus-labor. Relative surplus-value is claimed to be absolute on providing a driving force to the absolute extension of the working-day beyond the time of work required for the laborer to sustain his existence. To acquire relative surplus value, the capitalist may aggrandize the component of moderately curtailing wages so that it leaves the worker no choice but to stay and sieve his time to render surplus-labor but not to the point when such reduction goes under the laborers capability to afford his cost of living. Shortening of necessary labor makes way for an increase in surplus labor where time to create wage equivalents would be smaller and a worker tends to adjust and get over through surplus.

Analyse and evaluate contemporary marketing practice Assignment

Analyse and evaluate contemporary marketing practice - Assignment typesetters caseAs such, the study of the factors which has created the militant advantages for the company over the years of its operations seems to be a applicable and challenging topic in the arena of contemporary marketing.This report aims at studying the contemporary marketing practices of Zara that has been used by the company for creating a strong position for the company in its industry of operation. For this purpose, the sources of competitive advantage for the company has been identified and studied in depth.The affair framework followed by Zara is considered to be highly innovative and unique in nature/ the business model of the high street fashion retail merchant is built up on the vertical integrations between the different levels and departments of the business including manufacturing, procurement, delivery and sale of the products. The business model is characterized by a unique flexible structure which helps the business to modify it according to the suitability and needs of the out-of-door environment and the business requirements at a particular point of time. The business model of Zara is identified to be one of the key drivers of the competitive advantage of the company. The vertical integrations within the business and with the external partners of the business like the suppliers and distributors and the use of advanced information and communication technology are the two main strengths of the business model of Zara. Additionally, the time factor and the use of the stores of the company as important sources of information afford the business and with the external partners of the business like the structure of the company much unique and advanced as compared to the other fashion retailers.The ability of the fashion retailing company to design the products and deliver new lines of products in frequent intervals also acts as a major strategy of the company which enhance s the competiveness of the company

Historical essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Historical - Essay Exampleample, many bank linees flourished in the 1920s as subsequent governments adopted the pro-business stance leading to the growth of industries in the manufacturing, aviation, automobile and chemic sectors. In fact, automobile production per year increased threefold, leading to more than 50% of American households owning cars (Foner 610).In my opinion, true American entrepreneurship was born in the 1920s. That is, American entrepreneurship where tenacity, grit, street smarts, education, ambition and fortune could lead to winner on a furthest wider scale than ever imagined before in a capitalistic system. some of the entrepreneurs found today have partly modelled their success in accordance to some of the entrepreneurs found in the 1920s. For example, the Prohibition era provided an opportunity for many individuals to become rich. For those who owned establishments such as speakeasies or those responsible for(p) for bootlegging, a lot of money was made. T he period also witnessed massive rural to urban migration as farmers determine the Southern states migrated to cities such as Los Angeles to work in textile and automobile industries, while others found usance opportunities in Hollywood. Indeed, everyone wanted a piece of the American dream (Foner 613).Even though there was far more rampant public corruption in the 1920s as gangs and criminals bribed city officials, the ability to power an opportunity and utilize it to its maximum, is a trait that is seen today, as companies and multinationals try to exploit every little opportunity for profit. In the 1920s, liquor and prostitution based businesses reaped millions of profits in dollars. However, it was not just illegal business that flourished, even legal ones such as multinationals gained footholds in international markets, marking a shift from internationality to Isolationism (Foner 618).The celebrity culture present today also has its roots in the 1920s. As more lot began to adopt more lax economic principles,

The Advertisement by Cordaid Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Advertisement by Cordaid - subsidization ExampleThe researcher states that the advertisement by Cordaid provides food for thought for e really unity of us. It consults the fact that firearm we indulge in the luxuries, there atomic number 18 community literally dying of not getting the basal human needs. A very emotional appeal is used in the advertisement to make people pause and think with a broader perspective. It, in fact, has become very necessary for people to see out of doors their secluded comfort zone and take in to account the people who are barely qualification it. The fact that almost half the world which is over three billion people are alive on less than $ 2.50 a day is reason enough to do that. The advertisement has a very mocking feel to it as well. The models are shown present like any top model in Vogue selling outrageously expensive products. The use of irony to plea for aid while posing like a high profile fashion shoot, is in fact, a satire on the commercialism of the branded products. The ad is cashing and drawing on the guilt of the wealthy and affluent for the donations. This ad is used to upraise the feeling of guilt in the wealthy next time they choose to brand shop. So distinctly the target market is people who are capable to donate and contribute towards the greater good of eradicating poverty. The ultimate message of the advertisement is amply conveyed through the effective and relevant illustration and captions. The visual comparisons of the price of one luxury item with the price of the provision of a basic and simple human need are clearly depicting that it takes a lot less to support a poverty-stricken person than to authorize in a worldly luxurious item. The feel of the advertisement is quite depressing. The backdrop of a un-habitat and shabby, good-for-nothing and dry desert is creating a very depressing ambiance which was obviously the need of an advertisement hint people to contribute and extend a helping hand to the poor. The visuals of the advertisement are working to reflect poverty at its extreme. The look of the mal-nutrition-ed model in a humble setting subtly and sincerely portrays the innumerable human beings greatly relying on us for their basic needs.

Preformance Managemant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Preformance Managemant - Essay ExampleFor instance, there be assumptions that carriages might undertake when taking evaluation of an employee. Sometimes, the responses from an employee may not be reflective of the potential and skills that he possesses. Thus, at this point, it is expected that the film director would assume faulty quotes for the employees service within the organization. At some point, the main essence of proceeding appraisal or management may not be fulfilled because the manager may be biased or have an opinion which is built before the appraisal process (Cardy and Leonard).As per research, another(prenominal) reason which has been noted to affect managers is the psychological underpinning of performance management. At some point, managers may feel that they are insecure about their own positions because performance management requires a lot of evaluation and understanding. It should be noted that managers feel burdened with the strategic planning of needed fo r performance management within an organization (Cardy and Leonard).Finally, the roughly important reason behind resistance of managers towards performance management is the fact that they would have to set targets for their subordinates. As a result, it is expected that some of the subordinates would show resentment towards the managers. Therefore, an air of miscommunication arises that does not make the team and manager feel confident or communicative about each other (Cardy and Leonard).Other than this, it is noted that managers would localize on day to day achievements of the individuals. But it is ineffective because managers should look at employees as team members. It is collectable to this reason that they stay motivated and communicative within an organization. Secondly, managers believe that all employees are similar which totally false assumptions are. Managers need to understand that all employees have different responsibilities and skills. Thirdly, managers often

Symbiotic Relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Symbiotic human relationship - Essay ExampleEssentially, this relationship puts emphasis on giving equal effort, since the long-term survival of the preceding(prenominal) relation leads to both parties surveillance. Coen narrates that ascoglossan placida is herbivorous algae and weakens the abundance and existence of placida on codium. Hitherto, here the placida is an example of a crustacean that protects the codium from predation, hence, symbiotic relation. Eventually this leads to more production of the algae since it reduces the predation of placida on the algae. Ultimately, the algae take on fortress from placida. Notably, he argues that even though ascoglossanas predates on the seaweeds, molluscan acts as a conservative factor and undergoes input signal by the non-food algae. Am utilizely, polyps cannot move away from their category, which is limestone, and so they feed stagnantly during the night. Zooxanthellae are water algae that live in the tissues of polyps, and usual ly use the available sunlight to make food. Surprisingly, the shape of corals results in their surrounding (Coen, 1988). Strong or even weak waves can deform corals shape. Eventually, the rising of the coral forms a lagoon, which will fall forming a toll, which becomes molluscan shelter. Glynn, in his book entitled Herbivore by crabs and the control of algal epibionts on Caribbean host corals is herein concerned with how corals provided shelter to crustaceans. That epiphytes provides shelter by giving a cool and moist microhabitat in the comportment of low tides in the sea. As much as providing of shelter is met, this epiphyte has many branches that provide security to the small slugs, hence, safe from predation (Glynn, 1983).Anemones, which are sea inhabitants, do relate with the corals. Anemone fishes relate symbiotically with the clownfish whereby the tentacles of the anemone make a good refuge with the fishes in conjunction with its eggs. On the other hand, anemone fishes beha ve as scare parasites, like butterfly fishes, from their host (Lassig, 1977). Moreover, bryozoans usually encrust the reefs by cementing the reefs using their branching colonies on the skeleton of the reefs. A variety of worms, like the polychaetes and the flatworms, find a good home in the reef. Furthermore, crevices in the reef make a critical home for flatworms. Ecosystems consisting of reefs form a assorted environment that inhibits different species collectively. Similarly, Stachowicz puts emphasis on the same shelter relationship and briefs that the ascoglossans gets the get of refuge and so gets shelter from the epiphytes (Stachowicz, 1999). Stier notes that red snapping shrimps, alphes armatus and the bartholomea annulata have a good symbiotic nature whereby the bartholomea annulata although habitats in shallow water mutual relationship is essential. Since the b.annulata have powerful jaws, they tend to scare the predators against cnidarians, while on the other hand the cn idarians provide shelter to shrimps. Apparently, a well-known example of the crustaceans is the shrimps and the crabs. The mechanism that the crustacean has for protection over its predators is as below skeleton, which is very hard and has the name carapace, is primarily the organisms automobile trunk armor. This keeps away hungry predators that have the ability to bite on them. Periodically, moult phase is the only season that crustacean may be exposable to attack. Lobsters and crabs have a set of gigantic pincers that protect them from predators. In addition, the lobster has a tough biting claw that usually protects it from other animals attack, human being inclusive. Stachowicz, J.J narrates the relationship of the Alpheus lotteni with the corals pocillopora damicornis. mutualism relationship here is evident as

Hunting falcons Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hunting hunts - establish ExampleThe falcons are known to throw off a very high diving speeds compared to the other birds and posterior change directions very quickly. In terms of species number, more than 40 different species of falcon exists in different palaces of the world. However, the most common species of falcon is the peregrine falcon and the black falcon. The falcons also have great visual perception and have few predators that pose threat to their existence.In terms of distribution, peregrine falcon and the black falcon are the most widely distributed species of falcon throughout the world. The birds occupy most of the north America, pacific coast, Mexico and rudimentary America all year round. In addition, studies have shown that peregrine falcons are also found in the Antarctica region. A more spectacular feature is that the peregrines also inhabit regions close to rivers due to the presence of scar prays including fish.The falcons have no specific diet but their forego can be either on land or above the ground. For example, small birds in air contribute a large pct of prey above the ground. The falcons are able to prey on other birds because of their swift and calculative dives. On the ground, the falcon target on small animals like mice and frogs. Some species of falcons like the white backed vulture also do scavenge on body remains of bigger animals found on the ground. In addition to the small animals found on the ground, the snake eagles, which belong to the same class of falcons, preys mostly on snakes found on the ground. Lastly, the falcons also target fish and other small aquatic inhabitants found in rivers, lakes and oceans.On the other hand, falcons have adapted to their survival by having different features that enable them to get prey and survive in the different environmental conditions. For example, the snake eagles have very tough scales on their feet and have feathers surrounding their neck.

What is extreme poverty To what degree would you describe meeting Goal Essay

What is extremum beggary To what degree would you describe meeting coating 1 Target 1 of the Millennium Development Goal as a success - undertake ExampleWith it there has been a considerable drop in incomes which resulted in additional 50 billion people being left in extreme penury in 2009. Based on the projections the world(prenominal) poverty which is measured at $ 1.25 a day will fall to 15 percent by 2015 and it will leave 918 million people below the poverty line. Though over the past tether decades poverty has declined rapidly, but human society still faces complex and urgent challenges. terra firmawide more than 1 billion people live in a state of destitution. With rise in social extrusion and inequality the problem of extreme poverty is rising. This report will take a look at the extreme poverty and the various goals regarding it.In 2013 the Board of Governors of World chamfer has endorsed two new goals. frontmost is that the World Bank Group will commit its energ y into bringing an effective end to the extreme poverty by 2030. This means that that they have to reduce it to no more than 3 percent the member of the population of the world who are living on little than $ 1.25 percent per day. The second goal is to control that the benefits of prosperity will be shared by promoting income growth of the bottom 40 percent of the people. The World Bank group aim at achieving both the goal in a sustainable room and hence help secure the long term future of the planet and its resources (Vrsmarty, and et.al. 2010, p. 173).The World Bank originally defined extreme poverty as individuals who are living on the equivalent of less than $ 1 per day. In 2008 it was then updated to $ 1.25 per day. In 1990 the number of people living in extreme poverty was estimated at 1.2 billion. According to World Bank the percentage of people living in extreme poverty globally will fall to no more than 3 percent by 2030 (United Nations, 2010, p. 351). In eighties it wa s common for the nations to use their general economic surveys and national income accounting for identifying a poverty line (Rogers, Jalal

Lab#7 Beam Analysis Using Photoelastic Methods Lab Report

7 Beam Analysis Using characterisationelastic Methods - Lab Report ExamplePhotoelasticity method is depended on the birefringence retention that is shown by the transp atomic number 18nt materials. Birefringence involves the property in which light rays are passed through a birefringent material of two refractive indices. This property has been seen in different optical crystals. When the stress is applied, the photoelastic material impart show the birefringence property. The potential of the refractive exponent in each material section would be directly linked to the stresses in the given point.The term photoelasticity is a reflection of nature in this technique. Photo means the utility of light rays together with the optical techniques. Elasticity shows the elastic body deformation and stresses take in elastic bodies. In this respect, light rays are classified as electromagnetic vibrations that do excursion in the form of waves. The vibrations are linked to the light that is p erpendicular to the light travel direction or the propagation. The source of light gives out a wave train that contains the vibrations in planes that are perpendicular. Through the macrocosm of the polarized filter in the travel path, a single component of the vibrations would be transmitted using the filter considered being parallel to the axis. The organized light is referred to as polarized light. When anotherpolarised filter referred to as the analyzer is put on its way, there would be a total light beam extinction of the beam of light which freighter be obtained if the two filter axis is perpendicular to one another. In many cases, light whitethorn travel in a vacuum or through air at a secureness equivalent to 3 x 10 10 cm/sec. For the different transparent materials, the light travel rapidly v is minimum. In this case, the ration n=C/V is referred to as the refraction index. In bodies that are homogenous, the index would be constant despite the travel direction and the p lane vibration. For the bodies that are homogenous the index is depended on the become optically heterogeneous

Modern Vampirism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Modern Vampirism - Essay ExampleAfter they cease the monkeys, the animals turn on them and bite them so inflicting them with the virus. The virus soon becomes an epidemic afflicting anyone who comes in contact with the blood through any contact with the give people. John Wyndham continues to spin the same post-apocalyptic tale although his zombies or vampires take on a rather an unique form. The author presents the zombie character as plants called Triffids that have the ability to walk by upping their roots. However, the catastrophic attribute of these creatures is the lethal venom that they have in their sting, and it is often fatal to humans. The three depictions significantly differ from the handed-down definition that almost teetered significantly toward a religious perspective. The directors and author imply that human beings were the cause of the full(a) affliction that they were facing. In The Omega Man, Robert Neville explains that the virus epidemic came about due to the germ warfare amidst Russia and China where both sides employed biological weapons. In 28 Days Later, Jim is the main protagonist that makes a claim about the people responsible through his explanation of the events. He states that the activists had gone to set the monkeys free while the scientist was experimenting with a lethal virus capable of wiping off all trace of humanity from the scene of the earth. It, therefore, suffices to say that human rights were over-zealous in their quest, and the scientists were equally guilty for summoning up the mother of plagues.

12 Angry Men.A Review Movie Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

12 Angry Men.A - Movie Review sheathThe dialog box does not assume him to be innocent, as the law prescribes. Even the judge drones his boredom during jury instructions. The many ethical dilemmas, values and concepts depicted in this film include 1. Presumed innocence, ethic or legend? 2. Personal prejudice in the jury room. 3. Personal experience in the jury room. 4. Personal agendum in the jury room. 5. Interpersonal group dynamics bullies, opinion leaders, bigots, conformists The film explores the best and worst in human behavior in the setting of the jury room amidst a literal life and expiry decision. This paper explores that treatment. Presumed Innocence Ethic or Myth Eleven of the jurors voted guilty in the first polling without the good of an evidence review. Only juror 81 voted not guilty. The anonymity of nameless jurors reduced audience prejudice, although, juror 8 wore a white suit and juror 32 wore a black suit in keeping with Hollywood symbolism. jurywoman 8 stoo d alone in his conviction, his ethic, that before sending a suspect to the death penalty, the jury had a duty to review the case. Several of the jurors commented they thought the suspect was guilty from archean in the case, indicating an early personal deliberation without listening to the falsifying first. Juror 23 says he cannot charge his reasons into words, just thought the suspect guilty from the word go. (Lumet 1957) Juror 64 says he was convert early (Lumet 1957) when the prosecutor established motive. Juror 75 exclaims no one thought about it twice (Lumet 1957) except juror 8. Clearly, these jurors did not honor their commitment to impartiality prior to deliberations. Although the defense attorney did not aggressively cross examine witnesses, most jurors felt the defense council was competent, mostly by assumption. The assumption of susceptibility logically lead to the conclusion that if there were a defense, it would have been presented. No defense, no rebuttal, no i nnocence. The defense council is never on screen, a cinematic no show. The fact that the boy was accused of killing his father, a man whose position was sympathetic to many on the jury, ironically foreshadowed the juror 8 role in this drama. (Cunningham 1986) Juror 3 said his parenting skills involved making his son a man (Lumet 1957) until his son punched him in the jaw during an argument. Juror 8 raised his kids through love and respect. Juror 8 saw in the defendant an innocent child that never had a chance while the others only saw his shallow guilt. The movie continued through the first act with only juror 8 assuming the defendant was not guilty. The others were too emotional or prejudiced to review the facts. The first act ends with juror 8 making a leap of faith. He challenges the others to make a secret ballot and if all 11 vote guilty, he will too. The votes are counted and a 10-1 split is discovered. The older gentleman, juror 96, decided to bum up juror 8 on principle al though ten jurors did not presume innocence, the young defendant would receive thoughtful deliberation from his jury. Personal Prejudice The jurors demonstrated a varying degree of prejudice, both(prenominal) racial and class based. As the jurors entered the jury room, several conversations revolved around the defendant and his social status. The watchword of evidence brought to light the prejudice and backstory7 of the jurors. In a more benign comment, Juror 48 avers the defendant came from the slums and slums create criminals. Everyone knows that (Lumet 1957). Juror 59 disagrees with this assessment, reviewing his own history and asking for sensitivity to the youths plight. Juror 1010 is a more vehement bigot, spewing stereotype and cursing

The Future of the Spanish Language in the Unted States Essay

The Future of the Spanish Language in the Unted States - Essay ExampleSurveys cook showed that nearly all US Spanish speakers atomic number 18 indeed Hispanic and this population is increasing at a tremendous rate within the get together States. It was in the year 1989 that the Hispanic populace was almost 20.1 million within the country which was in essence a 39 percent increase to the embodiment that was calculated in 1980 Census, at 14.5 million. The rate at which the US population increased during this period was estimated at 9.5 percent but the Hispanic population grew at 7.5 percent. Some studies suggest that Hispanic immigrants who move towards the United States in the wake of seeking better opportunities in life do not make an run to learn English. They rather focus on their own language a particular that both plant to their advantage and disadvantage at the same time. (Estrada, 1988) The benefiting aspect is that they remain in constant touch with what is happening back home and they can move out and gain acceptance within their own society. The limitation of not learning English is that since English is a universal language, they must out on akin opportunities to gain jobs and the like within United States. One important pointer for consideration lies in the fact that Spanish language is taken up by a teenager if his/her parents force him/her to take up the language within the realms of the United States. Since the young ones have been born and bred within the States itself, they do not touch sensation the inclination to learn Spanish and thus do a great disservice to their own language. They are more inclined to find out more or just have a sanely easy understanding of the English language as it facilitates them in their day to day tasks and activities. (Garcia, 1983)

Gary Paulsen’s novel Hatchet Essay Example for Free

Gary Paulsens novel Hatchet EssayIn Gary Paulsens novel hatchet the protagonist Brian Robenson develops many modern skills after his plane crashes into the Canadian wilderness. It is his ability to deal a fire, build a nurture and make new tools that enable him to hold water.During one of the nights when he was stuck in the Canadian wilderness a porcupine went into his shelter and he felt it he through the hatchet as a reaction which hit the jar and made a spark he woke up the next morning, remembering what had happened during the night, sparks, fire, I I send packing make a fire with my hatchet and the rock, it took a fair few tries tho he in conclusion got it on the fire lasted till the day he got rescued, during all those geezerhood he was stuck out at that place he had to keep hoping because if he gave up he wouldnt of gotten rescued and it could have ruined the book. after the crash it took him about a day to realize had to build a shelter this would help him get in it could maybe protect him from the wild animals and definitely protect him from the bad weather, he finds a rock/ spelunk type thing and ends up having to re-build his shelter a few times due to animals wrecking it. by dint of the novel hatchet , Brian makes a couple of spears and catches all different animals, sometimes he ate the solid food raw or cooked it on the fire some of the time, it depended what it was, he ate the turtle eggs raw, but cooked the bird.When Brian is stuck in the Canadian wilderness he needs a fire and shelter and food to survive if he didnt have them three things he would have only lasted a few days tops, he could of died of hyperthermia or starvation and he wouldnt of been saved, and if he dies it would of ruined the book.

The legacy of the renaissance Essay Example for Free

The legacy of the reincarnation EssayThe legacy of the rebirth fucking be described and delineate in many another(prenominal) counsels and through many striking mass. For example, whiz of the main figures of the renaissance was da Vinci Da Vinci innate(p) in Italy during the year1452 he was during his sequence and is still today considered a true renaissance man. Da Vinci dabbled in al or so every aspect of the contrivances and science. He is most known however for his painting (Mona Lisa) finished in 1506, but he also worked on designs for weapons and sculpted as well as the study of human anatomy. Leonardo Da Vinci died on May 2nd 1519. And it is say that King Francis was at his side when he died, cradling Leonardos head in his arms. Another great figure of the renaissance was the Architect (Andrea Palladio) born in the year 1508, Palladio was a master architect and is often described as the most influential and copied architect in the Western world. Palladio used classical architecture to becharm his means and that is what makes him a key figure of the renaissance period. Since the renaissance was ground on classical rarefieds. By the 1540s, Palladio was utilise classical principles to design a series of country villas and urban palaces for the nobility of Vicenza.One of his most storied is Villa Capra, also known as the Rotunda, which was modeled after the Roman Pantheon. Palladio also designed the Basilica in Vicenza, and in the 1560s he began work on religious buildings in Venice. Palladio died in the year 1580 but left behind a legacy of architectural works and design plans in a book he published called (The Four Books of Architecture) were widely translated, and Palladios ideas spread across Europe and into the New World. American statesman doubting Thomas Jefferson borrowed Palladian ideas when he designed Monticello, his home in Virginia.A final figure during the renaissance was the sculptor Donato di Niccol di Betto Bardi univ ersally known as Donatello, he was born in Florence around the year 1386 and during his time he created many famous works. One of his most famous is the statue (Saint George) a vigilant marble made for the guildhall of Orsanmichele. Although this is an betimes piece, it still follows the renaissance tradition of a return to classical themes. During his life Donatello created many beautiful and exceedingly influential works that would later inspire such great artists as (Michelangelo) through the 16th century. Donatello died in the year 1466 in Italy but left behind a true legacy of renaissance art for generations to come.The consorters of the Re corpseation were, Martin Luther, Ul sizable Zwingli, John Calvin, Thomas Cromwell, Thomas Cranmer, Hugh Latimer and John Knox. The rehabilitation was set in the ideal of building a modernistic Church and new religion. The idea was skilful but the men who lead this reform were not fit be called human. If you look at the methods they cho ose to enforce their ideals of religious reformation you will find them to be no social occasion more than the sick and twisted methods of mad men. Such methods as torture, hangings and drowning were used and condoned in the name of religion and God. Consider the fact that Aldof Hitler studied the writings of Martin Luther and implemented many of Luthers ideas into his own sick design for genocide of the Jewish race it is easy to say that the reformation was again, a good idea but being lead by mad men. The only good thing to come out of the reformation was the Counter Reformation the Catholic Church was not totally offhanded for the reformers. They had been fighting opposition, heresy and resistance for over 400 years.SO when the reformation began the church was preparing its own form of attack or anti reformation. The Counter Reformation movement birthed many groups such as the ultramodern Devotion and the Oratory of Divine Love were organizations that included both clergy and l ay people and encouraged a return to simple ethical living and piety, principles that had been championed by Desiderius Erasmus. But the movement that most concerned the Catholic Church was that of the (Protestant church) the Protestant church was growing beyond the Catholic Church and posed a sedate threat to the power that the Catholic Church held. From this concern came The Council of Trent The council of Trent was formed in 1545 and lasted for almost 20 years, until 1563. During this time the council worked on the problems in three separate sessions. It was a major undertaking and the outcome was a some(prenominal) needed reform of the Catholic Church but it was still on their terms. Although many issues were addressed and stubborn by the council it was too little too late. The Protestant Church had grown too strong and beyond the reach of the Catholic Church.Although the Catholic Church would remain a major religion, it would in a a couple of(prenominal) short centuries no longer be the leading religion in the western world.The Baroque date was during the years 1600-1750 A.D. During this time period many great advances in the arts were made but none greater the ones made in music. The newsBaroque comes from two words. The first being the French word churrigueresque meaning (irregularly shape pearl) the second being the Portuguese word barroco also meaning (irregularly shaped pearl) the Baroque Age was after the Renaissance and in a way was a backlash to the ease and ideals of the renaissance period. The Baroque age saw a trend in extravagance, bold ornamentation and flamboyance. on that point were three major movements during the baroque age. The first being Florid Style. This demeanor was brought to life by the influence of seventeenth-century popes and is easily recognized by identifying its name florid with the style.Think of florid the word. Flowers, bright colors and rich textures and shapes all come to mind. This was the florid style. Seco nd is the Classical style. This style of art had a very sacrilegious focus and identified itself with Absolutism which at the time was the view of Louis XIV also called the sun king. If you phone absolutism you can envision straight clean lines, simple geometric shapes and everything coming together in perfect seamless unison. This style would also influence modern art and artists. The third style of baroque art was the Restrained Baroque. This style again, is easily envisioned by simply thinking about its name. Although most restrained baroque art was being done in the northern regions of the world such as the Netherlands, examples can be found in some regions of Italy as well. Some famous artists who practiced this style were, Rembrandt Van Rijn, Jan Vermeer and Anthony Van Dyck.The Scientific revolution lasted from 1600 to 1715 with its climax between 1685 and 1715. During this time period many great changes took place. First, the changes in astronomy and physics were largely i nfluenced by the new theory that the sun effected the creation as opposed to the old view that the earth centered the domain. This became the official view 1543 and involved an worldwide community of scholars. The result was called Heliocentrism Once this was established as fact people now began to see the universe in a whole new light. Mathematical calculations were now though to be able to unlock the mysteries of nature and mankind. Many key figures of the time such as Nicolas Copernicus, Sir Isaac Newton and Johannes Kepler all made important contributions to the scientific revolution and how it was shaped.There were also conflicts that resulted from this revolution however. The Church, both Catholic and Protestant agreed that this newtheory was dangerous and went against the Holy Scripture. The church felt that if the earth was no longer at the center of the universe then neither was man and his place in the divine scheme of things was then reduced. So it was denounced and condemned as a false scheme. It was not until 1822 that the Roman Catholic Church accepted the theory as true. Also, sects within the Protestant church slowly began to adapt and accept the theory as true.Thomas Hobbes was born in 1588 in England and theorized that man was incapable of existing without rule over them and in tramp to for human to exist in a civil society they must be ruled by one individual and give up their sovereignity. John Locke was born 1632 in England as well but Locke theorized that people were basically good in nature and could govern themselves but needed a government to cheer them instead of ruling them. Both had different points of view on humanity and how a structured system should work but both Hobbes and Locke agreed that a Social Contract was needed in order to keep things balanced.Locke and Hobbes views influenced the Enlightenment but in different ways. Lockes views influenced the Enlightenment by helping give way to such ideas as better public ed ucation and a more liberal government. I can not find how Hobbes views influenced the Enlightenment with the exception of reinforcing the ideals of oppression and fascist rule over the people. The resulting views of government based on these theories were both for the greater good of the people based on Lockes theory and for the greater good of the government based on Hobbes views.Works cited.(1) Western Humanities Vol. II fifth edition(2) (The persuasion of the Renaissance) Edited by Margaret Aston, Abradale Press(3) Various internet research sites.

Overseas Aid & International Development Essay Example for Free

Overseas help International Development EssayInternational growth gouge only be defined holistic everyy as improvement of gentlemans gentleman lives and enhancement of the peoples companionable welf atomic number 18. International development constitutes the following planning and/or improvement in sectors of health, command, governance, sex activity equity and equality, infrastructural facilities, environment, economic empowerment, foreign aid, disaster prep bedness and human rights. In order to know the status of the welfare in any beau monde, there are slightly indicators that can be used and these implicate the following the literacy train, poverty level, purport expectancy and GDP per capita. Gener totallyy, these indicators cause been reported to improve over the past and this has not been possible with divulge involvement of development partners. These development partners include CBO s, NGOs , multilateral development agencies and bilateral donors among othe rs. This paper will focus on Catholic Relief Ser debilitys (CRS ) approach to international development and outline its contribution to the act of the MDGs . CRS is a non governmental boldness that was started back in 1943 by United States catholic bishops.Its main aim was to settle those people who were displaced by the Second World War oddly in europium. It is found on Christian religious practices and specifically on catholic doctrine. Ten familys later the situation in Europe was regaining its normalcy state and the organization expanded its activities to other parts of the population that include Africa, eastern Europe, Latin America, Caribbean, Asia and middle east. Other than provision of relief services, the organization has been in the fore front in breaking the vicious cycle of poverty through sustainable comm champion based development initiatives.This has been in the first place through its focus in key sectors in the words economies and its main activities remove been carried out in the following areas agriculture, emergency response, health including HIV / meet , education, microfinance and peace building. It has been active in championing insurance issues regarding global poverty, hunger, contravene resolution management and transformation, migration, HIV/AIDS, human trafficking, gender and inequality (http//crs. org/ ). According to the organizationCatholic Relief Services complements its humanitarian and development experience with policy analysis and advocacy to prognosticate root causes of poverty, conflict, and marginalization. CRS examines issues that are dramatically impacting the safety and well-being of measly and vulnerable people worldly bushelwide based on the principles of Catholic social teaching, primary among them the protection of the dignity of the human person. (http//crs. org/ ) Millennium development goals are goals that were set by members of the United Nations and international organizations and aimed to be achieved by 2015.This followed after the adoption of United Nations millennium declaration during the 2000 millennium summit by the member states heads (http//www. un. org/millennium/). The aim of these MDGs was to foster social and economic development in the poverty stricken countries in the world. There was a major tending on the increase in poverty among many people all over the world and this campaign quested urgent redress to stop and reverse it. Following the chapters of the United Nations millennium declaration eighter from Decatur goals were set and named the millennium development goals.These included the following poverty reduction and hunger eradication, promotion gender equality and women empowerment, improvement of maternal health, eradicate illiteracy through provision of primary education to children all over the world, reverse the trend of HIV/AIDS infections, narrow the death of children under five years of age, promote environmental sustainability and enh ance partnership in global development(http//www. undp. org/mdg/ staple fibres. shtml).The catholic relief services activities give birth been intertwined with these millennium development goals and this is a clear indication that achievement of these MDGs will mean attaining the objectives of the CRS and vice versa. The precedent is because the goals can not be achieved without the focus on the sectors addressed by the CRS and thus the CRS can be viewed as an urgent and a partner in the realization of the millennium development goals. The reason for focusing on the CRS is because of its massive contribution and huge network that covers the different corners of the world.Though it is based on Christian virtues and catholism, it has never been crippled or shorthanded by the diversity in peoples emphasize ranging from religion, race tribe, geographical location and nationality. It has always focused on its key objectives and as a resolving many people imbibe benefited so ofttime s from the organizations activities. Its approach to social issues has been command by the peoples needs and its immense contribution has saved the lives of many.Most of the beneficiaries of its serviced have locomote to great heights and human suffering has highly switch offd in those areas it has been reported to operate. The spirit of giving, tender ship and promotion peaceful coexistence has been demonstrated by the organization where mutual understanding has prevailed in areas where hostility, hatred, destruction, disasters and policy-making instability has rocked claiming lives of many people. As globalization continues to shape the lives of people, there always arise challenges that need unity and cooperation to be addressed.It is this reason that the CRS has gone beyond its religious cocoons and joined hands with re rest of the world to alleviate human suffering and this is a good example that organizations and states should follow if the world would be a better and saf er place for human beings to live. I will now focus on the specific contributions of the CRS towards the achievement of the millennium development goals. Most developing countries highly depend on agriculture. This has been their only resource that has enabled them to pop off through acquisition of the basic human needs that include food, clothing, shelter, health services and basic education. until now as a result of climatic changes, the agriculture sector has faced many challenges that need to e addressed in order to guarantee its vital contribution and sustainability to the many people who rely on it for their daily life. The challenges need massive investment on technology and skills which must be accompanied by financial costs. Since most of these poor people can not afford them, their poverty escalates day by day. CRS has developed partnership programs with poor local communities by providing advice, research services and inputs to improve agricultural production.It has wor ked almost with local agencies to fix programs on environmental matters and agriculture are properly implemented to benefit the poorest in the communities and families all over the world. It seeks to strengthen the local poor communities and encourage them to champion their development without relying on foreign enforcement. Increased food production will arrest hunger is completely eradicated and people can steady have surplus to sell and procure other basic needs in their lives. This will reduce poverty and reduce diseases which have been closely associated with malnutrition.Sexual exploitation which has very much been exacerbated by the need to fetch money to buy basis needs will reduce leading to drastic set in HIV/AIDS infections (Little D. M, Clifford J. M, 2005, 122-127). In the education sector, CRS has made huge contribution to promotion of basic education in different areas of the world. Its activities have increased the access and quality of education to many poor and marginalized populations. This has been aimed at enhancing peace and evaluator in all communities and has been mainly in areas where crisis has been reported.Their services extend to those areas with intercourse stability and those that are recovering from the crisis. The organization provides support to schools in local areas where the largest population of the poor are believed to live. In their effort to ensure the poor access quality education and participate fully in community projects, it introduced food assisted education (FAE ). Since mid 1990s girl child education, teachers support, hygienic education and services for students have likewise been rolled out.It has also helped to put up education infrastructural facilities and sensitization of members of the communities especially parents to get composite in educational matters for their children. These education activities have an objective of reaching the poor and marginalized members of the society especially the c hildren. As a result poverty is expected to reduce with the decrease in the level of illiteracy all over the world. Poverty will then reduce and thus the millennium development goals are well taken care of by the CRS programmes (Singer H.W, Ansari J. A, 1988, 35-58). CRS is widely involved in emergency responses that ensure that those affected are not denied their right to live with dignity. It therefore works closely with members of the communities affected to ensure their disaster preparedness capacities are strengthened and restored. In times of complex emergencies and natural disasters, the CRS commits itself in life saving livelihood support and strengthening of the entire civil society. To them, peace is of necessity and violent conflict should be prevented.The organization therefore conducts emergency health operations that are usually aimed at musical accompaniment the already existing health institutions and ensure those in need of health services and basic checkup attent ion are attended to. Distribution of relief food and technical support to farmers to increase food production is also a vital role played by the CRS. Those who may not have shelters are assisted with temporary shelters and to some larger extend, the organization contribute materials to construct permanent shelters.CRS also ensures conflicts are prevented, properly managed if they arise, resolved peacefully and transformation is achieved within the soonest time possible through addressing the root cause. Marginalized and vulnerable groups receive special attention including expectant women children, aged and those infected with HIV/AIDS (Megan Landon M, 2006, 165-190). In the health sector, the CRS has actively involved local communities to solve problems themselves through empowering them to make sound decisions.They ordinarily use the catholic social teaching which acts as a subsidiary principle. It involves volunteers from different parts of the world who donate their services to those most in need of them and can not afford them. Such programs reduce child mortality, HIV/AIDS infections and reduce deaths that result from inadequate maternal services for women. Social justice is therefore restored and human rights and dignity is fostered. On similar grounds the organization has been very much touch with AIDS which has been threatening to wipe human beings out of the face of the earth.Research has indicated that as much as poverty has been cited as the cause of the increase in infections of the disease among human beings, it is also an effect. CRS has therefore initiated programmes all over the world with an estimated expenditure of at least $120million and over four million beneficiaries in the year 2007 alone. This has been the trend over the past up to date and as the pandemic deepens its roots, the expenditure has kept on rising. Finally, as the rate of unemployment increases, many people are engaging in self employment to earn their living.Majority of the unemployed are poor and the women who have no collaterals to access financial services from commercialised banks. This has increased sexual exploitation which is skewed towards women. This has been taken care of by the microfinance service in CRS that provides inexpensive loan and financial services to the self employed women. Economic empowerment is very important weapon in war against HIV/AIDS, illiteracy, inequality, hunger, diseases and all other poverty related problems that human beings encounter. This is the major concern of the CRS and the core of millennium development goals.Citing an example of progress in the contributions towards achieving the millennium development goals will forthwith highlight a major activity carried out by the CRS and therefore the CRS deserves all manner of support in implementation of its goals and objectives if millennium development goals will ever be achieved. Other organizations and governmental entities have already joined hands with CRS such as USAID , USDA , UNDP , The Inter-American Development Bank, Education ministries among many others (http//www. management-issues. com/2006/8/24/research/financial-services-firms-hostile-towards-women.asp ). Conclusion CRS is just but one of the many organizations that has been actively involved in ensuring millennium development goals are achieved. Both the millennium development goals and the CRS have so much in common and it may not be easy to separate the influence of one to the other. firearm the CRS is concerned with the issues that impact safety and social welfare of the minor marginalized and vulnerable groups of people, the MDGs outline these issues themselves and sets a fall guy and specific time duration through its objectives when the problems should be reduced to manageable magnitude.It is a lifetime emergence to completely do away with these problems and challenges and thus, unless otherwise, the CRS should only live to see full redress of the problems. At the uniform time, achievement of the MDGs in the year 2015 will set the agenda for the next step in millennium development goals.ReferencesAbout the MDGs Basics, Retrieved from http//www. undp. org/mdg/basics. shtml on fifth June, 2009 UNITED NATIONS MILLENNIUM DECLARATION, Retrieved from http//www. un. org/millennium/ PDF, on fifth June, 2009 Little D. M, Clifford J. M, (2005), International aid the flow of public resources from rich to poor countries, Aldine Transaction Singer H. W, Ansari J. A, (1988), easy and Poor Countries Consequences of International Economic Disorder, Rutledge Megan Landon M, (2006), Environment, health and sustainable development, McGraw-Hill International Catholic relief service, Retrieved from http//crs. org/ on 5th June, 2009 Financial services firms hostile towards women Retrieved from http//www. management-issues. com/2006/8/24/research/financial-services-firms-hostile-towards-women. asp on 5th June, 2009

Contemporary Religious Issues in Christianity Essay Example for Free

Contemporary Religious Issues in Christianity EssayOver time in various religions, there has been conflict. If non deep down one particular religion then there would be conflicting with from each one other. Christianity is a religion that most certainly has this issue. With some struggles in religion that large number be face with straight off that would assists in the division of our human population, most religions still share some of the same article of trusts. Though exclusively religions are vastly antithetical, the boilersuit belief is geared to praise and latria immortal. Two religions that volition be discussed in this paper that conflict with Christianity are Judaism and Islam. In Judaism, besides pagan division inside, most of their conflict is with modern society. In Islam, the Muslim community has a great semipolitical out meet that has been coupled with their religious beliefs and stereotyping has been more recently a trigger for conflict. In this p aper we will discuss the contemporary issues within Christianity. We will re quite a little the historical connections and theological similarities with other religions such(prenominal) as Judaism and Islam. We will excessively take a look at Christian denominations and how they interact with Buddhism.Contemporary Issues within Christianity Christians corroborate struggles between their own religion, and with other religions beliefs. Christians belief in One god, God of adore. We can find a message in the passages of the Bible in Genesis, a foundation closely Gods creation. The concepts stewardship and creativity, God blessed them and God gave them this message, Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it and line up over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky, and over e rattling living thing that moves on the earth. Bible) 2012 .The Love of God gets lost in our daily living style because the temptation, we sin and man abused Gods stewardship, and w e fatiguet follow what God is teaching us to do. Christianity and other religions in this spick-and-span(a) way of living, we all are challenge to face an inevitable change. Social and new technology is answerable for new changes. We ask ourselves, what about religion in the future. Influences, crisis, economy are slowly changing the standpat(prenominal) religion to their surrounding of cultures.This changes are expectant new choices to each one of us, and some choices are giving us ethical and cultural choices that force us to examine ourselves in our most basic philosophic believes. Christians and other religions are facing some areas that may raise ethical and religion beliefs. How Christian mustiness respond to such conditions? How can we live with this society and culture that surrounds us? Christ of Culture posture is exactly the opposite of Christ against Culture This way of living brings culture and Christianity together.God is giving us life Why humans deprivatio n to decide to take away our own lives or others. Where is our belief and trust, or brinyly where is our Faith in God. Why we want to take control. If God give us life we must belief and impart trust that he has a plan in our lives. good termination of adult life. Do individuals have the right to end their own lives or the lives or their love ones? Even with major circumstances, do we get the control where is our faith and believe that God does the impossible.Christianity questions about today is questioning about euthanasia. Passive or Active). Passive allowing the soul to die by discontinuing their treatments and active is taking some positive step to terminate the person life by toxic substance or the injection of an air bubble into the blood stream. Euthanasia is the act of putting the death of a person which their illness in not curable but is violating the six commandment Thou shalt not crop up (Murder). Such consent does not relieve the killer of guilt for the sin of mur der. Euthanasia is an instance of murder, which is a categorically forbidden in scripture.Exodus 2013 (Bakers, 1973), pp. 222 F.This society is giving us the luck to take control in our own hands new technology is changing tremendously our beliefs and if we dont wake up. This society will be out of control. Historical Connections and Theological Similarities with Other Religions The main historical connection between Judaism and Christianity is the fact that Christianity is a product of Judaism. This happened around the first century C. E. when Christianity was spreading rapidly throughout Europe.Besides Christianity forming out of Judaism, it has a connection through Jesus Christ, as we all know Jesus was a Jew. In fact for most of his life Jesus practice the Judaist faith and even celebrated Jewish holidays. Some of these holidays even became the basis for some of Christianitys holidays, such as Easter which is based on the Jewish holiday Passover. Despite the fact that Christian ity was a result of Judaism, Christians tended to have more freedom than Jews, while the latter was often persecuted for practicing their religion.Christianity has a connection to Israel that is almost as inviolable as Judaism. Nazareth which is based in Israel is considered the birthplace of Jesus, as well the birthplace of the Jewish Christian Church, but by and by the destruction of the churchs temple in 70C. E it seems that the church gradually faint-hearted into existence. While there may be some differences in how each religion worships and celebrates their religions. They both stress passel being kind towards one another, believing in one God, and just being an overall good human being.The Christian and Moslem faith do share some of the same beliefs though their religions are vastly different. They both believe that there is one God and that God created the planet and mankind. They to both agree that God is the way of morality and the way or path of justice. It is als o believed between the devil religions that overall judgment of life is decided after life by heaven or hell. The fundamentalists Muslims and Christians also believe in pollutants such as porn and licentious helps destroy a community or society.There is a huge negative emotion in the western civilization in Islamic countries which explains the reasons of influences that evolve from out west. Of course there are obvious differences between both Christianity and Islam that will everlastingly be unsettled. In these religions, pivotal doctrines are the points in which Christianity and Islam disagree. The overall tone of both beliefs are peaceful, caring, and benignant human beings. The Muslim religion has points of emphasis on being peaceful, for instance In Islam, the Muslims look to calfskin 2256 who say when speaking of religion theres no compulsion.Though many in the world of Islam would believe that no compulsion means inside their religious world there is no competition amongs t religion. Sura 2946 says do not have a hostility with outside religions but only if there is wrong doing. However, Sura 4134 say to be make nice with the person doing wrong by doing good things for that person. Almost similar is the bible which has its move of conflict with violence mostly from the Old Testament. It contests that a Canaanite society is infested with evil doings especially pip-squeak sacrifice.God sent Israelites to enforce against the particular injustice and further on did the same against the Israelites. Situations like this within the scriptures of the bible are specifically minimal in circumstances during this time all implemented by God. But as the Quran would suggest, their religion puts this type of command in any time, place, and against any populate or religion. Christian Denominations In religion, there is a power struggle to keep itself together. The ten commandments were work out on this issue. Thou shall not worship false idols, (Ten Commandment s, 2002-2011).But there are seven one million million people on this planet. Chances are that at least one of those seven billion people would want to worship another idol. From this idea, they would separate from their original church and form their own church. Worshiping whomever they found fit to be the one who deserved to be worshiped. As a matter of fact, this has happened many times in the recital of Christianity and Judaism. Why are there so many Christian denominations? Well first we would have to score between the non-Christian cults, and the false religions.Christian denominations are Lutherans, as well as Presbyterians. Then there are Jehovahs witnesses and the Mormon religion, are examples of such cults. But islam and buddism are separate religions all together. Trials such as the protestant emendation gave rise within the Christian church to denominations. A movement to reform the roman catholic church that took place during the 16th century. Out of this event, four major division of traditionalistic Protestantism emerged. These four were Lutheran, reformed, Anglican, and Anabaptist.But many more denominations would grow over the coming centuries. The denomination Lutheran was named after Martin Luther. This is based off of his teachings. Methodist was named from its founder, John Wesley. John Wesley was famous for coming up with methods for spiritual growth. Presbyterianism is named from their view on the churches leadership, and finally, Baptists. They got the name from the importants of the baptism ceremony. But not all the other denominations believe in baptism. So each one has a slightly different doctrine. Another is the availability of the lords supper to all.Or at least those whos testimonies could be verified by the church leaders. Looking at why they have divisions, it seems clear that its not about Christ as the lord and savior. But it seems rather the differences of opinion by godly, flawed evidence, people seeking god. Seeking to retain doctrinal purity of what is their understanding of his word. Looking at today, denominations are many and vary wildly. The denominations have spawned numerous styles such as Nazarenes, Christian and Missionary Alliance, Evangelical Free, Assemblies of God, ect.Some styles of denomination, emphasizes very little doctrinal differences. But more often, they simply offer different styles of worship. Fitting the differences of Christians. This is the cause for so many forms of Christianity. Conclusion In this paper we have gone over the contemporary issues within Christianity. We have reviewed the historical connections and theological similarities with other religions such as Judaism and Islam. We have also taken a look at Christian denominations and how they interact with Buddhism.In our research we have found that Christianity and other religions in this new way of living, we all are challenge to face an inevitable change. Social and new technology is liable for new changes. In these religions, pivotal doctrines are the points in which Christianity and Islam disagree. Christianity has a connection to Israel that is almost as strong as Judaism. Some styles of denomination, emphasizes very little doctrinal differences. But more often, they simply offer different styles of worship.

Mesopotamia Case Essay Example for Free

Mesopotamia Case EssayHISTORY OF MESOPOTAMIAN RELIGION The name Mesopotamia, is a Greek name which means the land between the rivers, refers to the geographic region which lies near the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers and non to e actually particular civilization. The land of Mesopotamia is made fertile by the irregular and often violent flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. age these floods aided agricultural endeavors by adding rich silt to the soil every year, it took a tremendous criterion of hu part labor to successfully irri gateway the land and to protect the young plants from the surging flood waters. given every dwelling the combination of fertile soil and the need for organized human labor, perhaps it is not surprising that the graduation civilization developed in Mesopotamia. Sumerians were the first settlers in Sumeria. By c.3500 BCE, the Sumerians had developed many of the features that characterized subsequent civilizations. wedge-shaped was a system of t ypography established by the Sumerians which became the dominant system of writing in Mesopotamia for everyplace 2000 eld.Mesopotamia is widely recognized as one of the regions in the Near East first experiencing the developmental passageway to hydraulic and urban civilization, duly celebrated as a cradle of civilization and the eastern segment of the Fertile Crescent.Mesopotamian religion is the religious beliefs and practices of the Sumerians and Akkadians, which were noted the first developed civilizations and religions and later of their successors, the Babylonians and Assyrians. (Lindemans, 2007). In general terms, it constitutes the great part of what is now Iraq, eastern Syria, and south-eastern Turkey. The deities of Sumer were usu altogethery associated with aspects of nature, much(prenominal) as fertility of the fields and livestock. Among the most master(prenominal) of the many Mesopatamian gods were Anu, the god of promised land Enki the god of water and Enlil, t he earth god. Deities were often associated with particular cities.Astral deities such as Shamash and Sin were also worshipped. The Mesopatamians are skilled astrologers who studied the movements of heavenly bodies. Priests also determined the depart of the gods make the observation of omens, especially by reading the entrails of sacrificed animals. The index functioned as the chief priest, presiding at the new-year festival held in spring, when the female monarchship is renewed and the triumph of the deity over the powers of chaos was celebrated.In Mesopotamia, each urban center state had its own god who owned it, and although other gods were admitted, they were always subordinate to the city god. Everyone had to belong to a temple, whatever rank they had in society. If they belonged to the temple of Marduk, they considered themselves the people of the God Marduk. The god was the lord and the people served him as slaves or at least as servants. Part of everyones produce belo nged to the god and had to be brought as a sacrifice. The land itself belonged to the god and had to be leased from him. God withdraw never been any well at signing agreements so the contracts were signed on his behalf by the priests.The main festival in Mesopotamia was the new-made Year Festival held in spring or in autumn. Its signifi gutterce was the renewal of the land through the sprouting of new buds or the end of the summer scorching. The Sumerian drama focused on Dumuzi or Tammuz, the creative power of Spring while the Goddess was Inanna, the fertility of nature.The drama went this way the earth goddess conceived a bad parole who later became her lover and begat the next son a ritual per stamped by the king and his play or the head priest and priestess in a ritual coupling. The son died and everyone wailed but the new son was born and everyone rejoiced. In the tropics the vegetation died in the summer heat but in northerly climates it died with the onset of frost, so the times were not necessarily the same.(Amytas, 2002) In an article of Sumerian Religion it was tell that reincarnation is a concept suitable for Mesopotamians because it was so real and explicit that it was not worth reporting the striking obvious. The Mesopotamians, took painstaking notes of the coming of the sunrise and sunset every day, the return of the seasons, the planets and the stars, always revolving and returning to contract points in the skies. Thus, they did believe that everything was cyclic, and probably considered livelihood and end as such as well (cited in Adapa).MESOPOTAMIAN MYTHOLOGYThe two following stories are one of the descent and ascent stories of Mesopotamian Religion(Amytas, 2002) Descents to the blaze are a constant theme in Mesopotamia and tell astir(predicate) the triumph of the spirit over desire, wrong behavior or guilt. Descent stories always contain the warning that one should not venture to the Land of No reward, that the laws of Great d ownstairs cannot be changed and it designs the foremost. Nevertheless, Inanna descended to meet Her other Self, the Great arbiter and Queen of the Underworld, Ereshkigal, and She who is the yellowish brown and Beloved resurfaced as the vision of triumphant humanity that transcends all deaths.Enlil descended after having raped Ninlil, who immediately took considers in her hands and went cut back after Him to conquer Her beloved back, achieving major growth along the process herself from foremost to Con material trunk of Lord Air. Even Enlil, the most important of the young Anunnaki gods, had to undergo punishment for a skanky act in the most romantic and intense of all descent stories.However, Ninlil, as the Beloved and Hardest Judge Enlil could have ever had, flew after him for the rescue to bring him back to the Heights Above, to become Enlils first mate in all levels. All of them faced awesome trials and returned back to the Heights after achieving much heal and growth. I t is therefore clear that returns from the Underworld, despite all warnings against venturing over there, can be achieved, but only by the triumph of the spirit, by conquering ones own weaknesses, by a essential freeing to achieve a major growth.In the myth of Adapa, Adap ascends to the Heavens to meet Anu so that he could relinquish himself in front of the Skyfather for having been disrespectful to the South Wind. Adapa is the proto-Solomon, the sage and the priest-king of Eridu. He refuses immortality to come back to the Middleworld instead of rest with the Great Gods in the Great Above, as Anu had given him the opportunity to stay there by have and drinking from the table of the gods. Adapa refuses the absentering, because Enki, Adapas personal god, had warned him not to, if Adapa did not want to die.A possible get wind for this passage is the following in the end Adapa understood that he would have eventually eternal life after living a full life in the physical world, and not in the effect he had been offered the gift by Anu. He did not need eternal life when he was offered it by Anu, because he was needed on earth, he was the priest-king the foundation of the state which was being built in Eridu, the place where kingship descended from the heavens. Again, it is a Mesopatamian ascent story with a return, whose mystery show the cycle and the link between heaven and earth, the Great Above and the Great Below not as opposite worlds, but matching complements, in a timeless cycle.PHOENICIAN LETTERS(Amytas, 2007) The Phoenician Letters is a found of mystery teachings in a written form from a master to a devoted acolyte in the Mesopotamian tradition, a sort of retro-Caballa. It involves 10 earn, each involving a god/goddess (Rimon-Adad, Nabu, Ishtar, Nergal, Shamash, Marduk, Anu, Enlil, Ea-Enki, Sin-Nana) by the master to the acolyte exchanged during the period of two years.The letters cover the training of a future-priest king by a master kept unknown up to the last letter. The quotations on the chapter of Nergal on the next paragraph are about reincarnation, the Eternal Return. Notice that the piece of coat that is left from the burning of what should be burnt may refer to that part of matter in us that is primeval and without spoil, the seed of the Great Mother that they all carry within, represented by the metal attributions of Mesopotamians deities, or the imperishable in them, their Personal Gods.On Ishtar, But Ishtar is all this and more. She is the rebornKnow, o Prince, that death is the source of life, life is the cause of death. Dumuzi her lover must die in order to live. She is the rhythm, and all rhythms have an end, this is death, all have a beginning (pages 34-35).On Nergal There are many forms of heroism. There is that form that represents a magnificent stupidity, where the hero achieves nothing, saving neither his people nor his own life, but taking with him down into death as many of the enemy as possible. He w ill fight in the underworld that battle which he did not win, for it is sad that as a man dies, all that he has done is presented to him, to see if he regrets his actions or not.If he regrets and pines for the things that he failed to do or the errors he has made, then this is a weight he must carry into his next time of living (Lishtars emphasis). Herein is the tale of justice the assessors of hell visit upon each man his crimes, and according as he loves them or hates them, he will be attracted to the same events, time without end, till the actions of his life be without blemish (page 41).CREATION OF MAN (and WOMAN) SUMERIAN VERSIONEnki, the Magician, and Ninhursag, the Earth Mother, create humankind from the fertile waters of the Abzu and a pinch of clay, breathing into the mix the spirit of a slay god. It is in the myth that the spirit of the slain god resonates in each and every being as a drumbeat, life force, to remind them of its sacrifice. fit in to Amytas, the myth was a wondrous metaphor that shows incarnation as a gift from Divine consciousness bestowed upon all humankind, all that lives and breathes. The bond that was thus established between heaven and earth from the beginning of Sumerian religion, whereby from this moment on humankindis called upon to continue for the gods the workings of existence and faithful servants. This metaphor shows the truth all initiates have experiences from times immemorial. Spirit can only incarnate through love, the same way we can only ascend to the heights of religious and visionary experience by giving spiritual body to our souls design. Slain in this context may very well mean the necessary loss to achieve higher consciousness, the disrobing and vulnerability needed to enter some(prenominal) Great Above and the Depths Below enforced. Furthermore, the myth of the Creation of Man and Woman can be interpreted according to the Sumerians as the never-ending miracle of spirit entering matter and for those of them who live their lives in the light of the Mesopotamian tradition.From the beginning of Sumerian Religion, from the creation of man and woman it is therefore present the everlasting bond between matter and spirit. As concluded by Amytas, the part of us who belongs to the everlasting spirit will be then confronted by our life achievements and judged by the Annunaki of the Underworld. These deities will be the judges of our souls and decide when we are ready to return from the Land of No Return. It is for all these reasons that we suggest that the Eternal Return might have been a core understated commandment of Mesopotamian religion.THE BABYLON AND ITS PEOPLEMany scholars believe the first great historian, Herodotus, a Greek who traveled widely over the ancient world several centuries before the birth of Chris, visited the city of Babylon in its decline. He has left a description of the city but, because he could not speak Babylonian, his remarkable statements must come largely from t he lips of the guides. The growth was,Herodotus says, twice or thrice as bountiful as in other lands, the ears of wheat and barleycorn growing to a phenomenal size. Rich groves of palm trees waved in the breeze all over the complain and so expert were the food growers that from the fruit of the palm they got bread, wine and honey. From their scattered villages they looked with pride toward Babel the Greeks called it Babylon or the gate of the God.They had no medico. Marriage, he says, was by purchase or auction sale. His most famous statement about the morals of ancient Babylon is to the effect that every woman had once in her life to prostitute herself in what Herodotus calls the court of Venus, meaning the court of the temple of the goddess Ishtar. There she was compelled to stand until some man threw her a coin, saying, the goddess Mylitta prosper thee, and taking her outside to his couch. (Shirlie)On the contrary, in regard to its morals and its women he totally be amiss h is informants. There was no auction of wives in Babylon, and there was no such law as the prostitution of every woman at the temple of Ishtar. By that time, Ishtar was a patroness of virtue and the chief prophylactic of sinners. Women had in ancient Babylon a position of respect and prestige scarcely lower than they have won in modern times and the law of sexual purity was most drastically enforced upon both sexes.The Babylonian code of laws was compiled by King Hammurabi. This code was found carved on a inkiness diorite column seven feet high in the ruins of Susa in 1901. A conqueror of Babylon about 1100 BC had stolen it and carried it off to the hills. On the upper part of it is a figure of Hammurabi in an attitude of worship before the sun-god, Shamash. The king says he made the code himself. Babylon, supposed to have been a sink of iniquity, in which chastity was unknown, an manikin followed the clauses of the next paragraph in the Hammurabi Code of four thousand years ago.ME SOPOTAMIAN CONCEPTS OF DISEASE AND HEALINGMesopotamian diseases are often blamed on pre-existing spirits gods, ghosts, etc. Each spirit corresponds or is amenable for a specific disease. For example, Hand of God X, of the stomach corresponds to what is called a disease of stomach. A identification number of diseases simply were identified by names, bennu for example. Also it was recognized that various organs could simply malfunction cause illnesses. Mesopotamian uses plants as treatment for diseases although this cannot be relative for magical purposes. In addition, specific offerings are made to a particular god or ghost when it was considered to be a causative factor, but these offerings are not indicated in the medical texts, and must have been found in other texts.There two unmistakable types of professional medical practitioners in Mesopotamia, the ashipu known as the sorcerer and the asu which may be referred to as the physician. The ashipu diagnoses the ailment. In the c ase of internal diseases, this most often meant that the ashipu determined which god or demon was causing the illness. The ashipu also attempted to determine if the disease was the result of some error or sin on the part of the patient. The phrase, the Hand of was used to indicate the divine entity responsible for the ailment in question, who could then be propitiated by the patient.The ashipu could also attempt to cure the patient by means of charms and spells that were designed to entice away or drive out the spirit causing the disease. On the other hand, asu is the specialist in herbal remedies and deals with were often classifiable as empirical applications of medication. For example, when treating wounds the asu relied on three fundamental techniques washing, bandaging and making plasters on which appear in the worlds oldest known medical document (c. 2100 BCE).CONCLUSIONMesopotamian religion in accordance with my research clearly implies that it is the foundation of many reli gions since, Sargon, who founded the Babylon and created the first Mesopotamian empire, lived over two thousand years before Christ and even a thousand years before the presumed time of Moses of the Christian bible. unity example would be the comparison in the story of Moses one of the clay tablets covered with the cuneiform writing of the Babylonians and Assyrians refers to Sargon, the great king.His mother bore him in secret. After the birth she made a little ark or boat of reeds or rushes, coated it with pitch, which is natural there. She placed the baby in it and she set it afloat on the river, doubtless expecting it to die but hoping it might be saved. The child was destined to be a the right way leader and the gods took care of him. A water-carrier found the ark and reared the child, until the goddess Ishtar saw and fell in love with the youth, and made him king over the land.To sum it all up, learning mans history always is a very interesting subject, its like being transpo rted to a different world where oneself could be alienated. For me it would not matter because the most important thing is that you have respect to all men regardless of their religion.BibliographyWilliams, Tyler. Ideas of Origins and Creation in Ancient Mesopatamia. 2007Lindemans, M.F. Mesopotamian Mythology. 2007Amytas, Voluptua. Sumerian Religion and the Eternal Return. 2002Shirlie. God or Goddess? The Son Gods. 1999http//www.oriental.cam.ac.uk/jmchttp//www.archaeowiki.org/Mesopotamia

Women Empowerment Essay Example for Free

Women Empowerment demonstrateSince the anileer times, women have been treated as second rate citizens of all across the globe. This situation is or so same evrywhere irrespective of the developed countries or the developing countries. Women have been relegated to secondary position despite the accompaniment that they constitute about half the worlds population today. This situation has caused immense loss to their self-respect and dignity.But right away the perspective of the society has changed and a general thinking to work for the empowerment of women is being developed so that they colud also contribute in the enhancement and welf be to the society. The freedom of women is not without challenges. Breaking the age old barriers and storming into a predominantly male bastion are something they have to fight for. Even as they are becoming aware about their rights and demands, the voilence and crime againt women is increasing. History is the witness that the women had enjoye d a privileged position in the ancient India.It is a matter of pride that there existed a culture. Women also struggled for Indias independence. They too have a great contribution in letting India independent like Rani Lakshmi Bai who sacrifised her life as to get India free from Britishers and slavery. When the constitution was formed,there the constitution makers introduced various measures in the constitution to held womens rightful place in the society. They were stipulation freedom to partivipate in the social,political, economic and cultural life of the nation.However,in spite of the constitutional and legal guarantees aiming to eradicate the unlikeness and discrimination in any form, the plight of women still remained far from improved. Even today evils like fry marriage, beating, female infanticide and gender discrimination are widely, prevalent in the society. The realisation is taking place in the various structures of the society and the women themselves try to raise their voice against the discrimination and the violence by the male dominated society.

Feminism Reading Essay Essay Example for Free

feminist movement Reading Essay EssayThe rise of the two classifications of adolescent women was the central theme in Baerswork. The percentage of new(a) women was said to be signifi send awayt in the field of competitive markets, consumption and sexual font of life. This significance of girlish women in the said aspects of club caught the attention of the public much(prenominal) as the secern itself, some private sectors, researchers and media. They became aw be of the fact that vernal women meet this tendency to create goodish in-person effects on the nightspot as swell as bad effects. Thus, brotherly change was most equal by a front on teenage womens character. Such character of five-year-old women can be all seen as moving towards success or failure. Classifications were established due(p) to the contrasting look at on the character of girlhood. The former was said to be the benignant of youth women or teenage girls who are optimistic, resilient and confident in character. They are broad(prenominal)-spirited and self-motivated with regards to their future. They do things that they think would help them achieve their goals in life no matter what their condition is.These kind of young women are more likely capture successful in any of their endeavor due to their positive character and outlook in life. On the different hand, the latter was described as those young women who are involved in juvenile crimes and have unwilling attitudes towards the society. They are the young women who pose threat to social order as well as to other individuals (chiefly because they are the ones who involve themselves on crimes, illegal activities, and untoward actions). At-risk girls are often cited as failure in the society.Consequently, their lives are becoming unsuccessful. Due to these distinctions between dynamic girls and at-risk girls, the subject of womanhood has been a derriere of criticisms and debates. As described earlier, can-do girls are young women who pursue their career with salient efforts. They plan everything that is essential for the actualization of their ambitions in life. Most likely, this planning stage includes the education of young women. Can-do girls start to enlighten plans for their future upon entering in school. This is where they tend to achieve their dreams and ambitions step by step.Can-do girls know what they compulsion to do and what they want to have in the future hence they know very well what actions they should use up in order for them to reach their ideal status in the future. Can-do girls were in like manner seen as a very good factor in the economic progress. Consumption was also an area of experience for young women. Since they were getting very good amount of salary, their expenditures kick down to the growth of the economy. With this, the marketplace also saw the splendor of producing goods that are attractive to young women.Can-do girls are women who have good tas te in get products hence marketplaces should take into consideration the fact that young women do non easily buy goods that are not appealing to them. As Judith Baer cited in her work, product endorser and advertisers used catchwords that more likely have good impact to young women. More so, young women were becoming so much in tuned of patronising products or goods that were advertised or endorsed by famous women such as Britney Spears, Spice Girls and Madonna.Because of this, marketplaces also considered young womens interests in buying products. Lastly, can-do girls were also seen as young women who did not prioritize fetchhood. In this sense, young women regarded motherhood as a great hindrance for achieving their goals in life. It is to be noted that in order to achieve good career, young women should be steeringed on what she was doing or what she was pursuing. Nonetheless, having child or children would pissed lose of focus on work and diversion of attention from work t o family-matters.Being a mother requires sacrificing young womens personal ambitions while focusing more on keeping their family in order especially their children. (McMahon, 1995) Consequently, the use of contraceptives like condoms and pills were advocated by the judicature so as to reduce birth-rate (or nation growth) likewise help the young women in maintaining their focus on their careers. According to the book, another factor that contributed to this gravelly condition of at-risk girls was the fact that they were also belong in a cultural or ethnic groups which were held liable for the failure of these young women.As stated above, confederacy and family background were also few of the factors that triggered the at-risk girls to live in misfortune and wretched life. Inept family traditions and beliefs confined these young women to a way of thinking that they were inferior in every aspect such that they should not try to make efforts to advance themselves. Likewise, commun ity and environment were other factors that shaped young womens mentality regarding their role and place in the society. Unable to excel in school or even failed to finish their schooling at-risk girls had a hard time on applying for jobs.Companies were inclined(p) to pick employees that were able to complete their studies (meaning, those who finished their studies with a degree). Consequently, at-risk girls were most of the times unqualified to be employ in such kind of companies. Or even if they got the meet to be hired in accepted companies, they were designated to low positions and had a very small chance of being promoted to a higher position. Looking into story (Herstory) But during the early 60s some exhausts arose from the peaceful starting years of the postwar occlusive. maven issue was astir(predicate) racism, this have been visible in a series of race riots in Los Angeles in 1965 and in Detroit, 1967. In this decade immigrants to the U. S. included people of color , largely the Hispanic race. At those times scantness was common to the Hispanics and the shadowy-American race. The majority of the families of the black race are single parented. Within that decade, a distinct trend of inequality in the economy was rising, and it created a group of underclass people in which the colored pare down Americans prevails.Also these groups have also been used by politicians that wanted to try to appeal to the white voters at the time when the rate of unemployment was high. And majority of the population of the African Americans believed and felt that there is discrimination among colored people. not only the racial conflicts emerged but also issues on gender were seen arising, and it was in those times when they started to talk about femininism. The Post war feminism focused from definite discrimination, one of the ex goodishs is unequal laws, to indefinite conceptions of relationships between genders. term there are many existing issues about discrim ination, unbalanced opportunities, compensation and manipulation of reproduction stayed aside, the flocks and focus seemed to be on the examination of the popularity of male models of society and also in the politics. And women were seen and ultimately women in the view of them as such models, resulted in indistinct potentialities. The Second wave feminists were giving focus on attaining ample equality in the social and economic aspect, since they have already gained nearly full equality in legal rights in a number of nations in the west(Meyerowitz, 1994).On the same period which was the postwar in America, Senator Joseph McCarthy said that the Communists had penetrated the unite States government at high levels. As a result Americans felt a sense of anxiety about their nation and it reflected with questions like was America the greatest country in the homo? Was life in America the best it had ever been (Bradley, 1998)? As years were passing by, the problem and issue of self-sati sfaction and self-doubt in culture about compliance and the truth behind the value of bread and butter the American values, were reflected and seen in literature.One of example of these issues impact on the American literature during the postwar period was the writings of Gwendolyn Brooks. Brooks was a dedicated poet, she started working and publishing her works since she was on her teen-age years, and her writings were not of the common poetries you can see. During the post war period, her writings created a great impact on society and most of her poems were given attention, it is because she is an African-American that wrote poems usually about the characters from the poor inner city and the African-Americans everyday experiences in the neighborhoods.One significant publication of Gwendolyn Brooks was the book A Street in Bronzeville. This book was a collection of poems which described the hopes and disappointments of the Bronzeville people. Most of Brooks works focused on the di scrimination among blacks in such poems as The Ballad of Chocolate Mabbie it tells the story of Willie Boone choosing a lighter-skinned girl than Mabbie. And The Ballad of Pearl May Lee. a story about Pearl May Lee takes revenge when a threatening situation happens to her. These black women characters in the poems were poor and discriminated (Brooks, 1945).With regards to consumption, at-risk girls were seen as purchasers of alcoholic beverages, prohibited drugs, and cigarettes. They often abused the use of these material goods that in a way had bad effects on their health (physical, psychological, and emotional aspects). Moreover, there were also cases in which at-risk girls paid for deadly and illegal weapons probably they used them in their delinquent activities. Herewith, government implemented policies that were accommodate towards the regulation of at-risk girls delinquent activities and misbehaviors. Finally, at-risk girls were said to be more prone to early motherhood.ado lescent motherhood entails enduring social dilemmas and lost of opportunities for young women as well as for the community itself. absentminded knowledge about contraception, at-risk girls failed to plan for their future as mothers. Effects of early motherhood include failed marriages, high cases of unwed teenage mothers, and unemployment of teenage mothers. (Musick, 1995) Additionally, government was alarmed of such instances because when teenage mothers failed to support their children, the government had no choice but to help them in sustaining the lives of their children.It would increase government expenditures in which if the cases of teenage motherhood were minimize, also the probability that the government expenditure would increase would also be minimized. Analysis As how Judith Baer illustrated in her work, young women can be classified in two categories or classifications. Those young women who were most likely run short successful in their careers were said to be can-d o girls while those who failed to do so were labeled as at-risk girls. Such distinction was obvious.Apparently, the society was in a way aware of this situation that there were can-do and at-risk girls. And such opposing characters of young women cannot be discounted. Either the two classifications caused good or bad in societys everyday existence, it truly had immense outcome such that the government cannot undervalue its effects. think effort and individual choice were listed as the primary elements in obtaining the status of young women as either successful or failure. As given in Baers work, can-do girls truly make well plans for their future.They used all their sources and access so as to arrive at success. However, at-risk girls were either lacking of fair to middling sources and access to plan for their future or really did not have intention of making plans for their future. employ these presumptions, can-do girls and at-risk girls can easily be distinguished. Nonetheles s, the aforementioned initial elements were said to be insufficient in evaluating the distinction between can-do and at-risk girls. In addition to the initial elements discussed above, economic and cultural resources were also of great importance.Mostly, young women who were given the luck of having high economic status in life had more chance of becoming can-do-girls, pursuing what she wanted to have and doing what she liked to do. In contrast, young women who were unfortunately situated in a family which have a low financial access were most likely become at-risk girls. Families of the can-do girls can afford to send their youth in schools that were highly-recognized. Likewise, these families can sufficiently finance the schooling of their youth. plot of land families of the at-risks girls lived in poverty, they cannot pay for the education of their youth. In this regard, the potentiality of young women to become either successful or failure can be greatly affected by their econom ic and cultural status in life. The government should make actions and programs or policies that would encourage and facilitate the conversion of at-risk girls into can-do girls. According to Our Lives Before the Law, the government was really making ways in which they can support and help their young women.This was primarily due to the fact that there is a high demand of young women in the competitive and task markets. By helping them in achieving good career and also good status in life, United estate would also reap the fruits of such effort prospering its economic status. In addition in the United States, juvenile delinquency of young women was treated by making programs that tend to rehabilitate them. Mental offices were also institutionalized in order to help the government in its rehabilitation program on misbehaved young women.If young women were really supported and helped by the government, cases of at-risk girls would be easily reduced. In such undertaking, at-risk girl s could be born-again to can-do girls by giving attention to the young women. In doing so, government should start such assistance by advocating quality education to young women. Having access on education implies good start in pursuit of better future. By monitoring the education young women as well as their family and community background, young women can be directed to the right path.Being successful in education could pull in about success in work. juvenile women who finished their studies most likely got good jobs (high-paying jobs). And having a good educational background, young women were more competitive with regards to their career. Likewise, being a well-rounded person, young women, who were then regarded as can-do girls, became good consumers. Knowing that their demands greatly matters in the marketplace, they would realize that what they were going to buy would reflect who and what kind of woman they were. Hence they would become choosier when it comes to consumptio n.When it comes to motherhood, government handled it by promoting the use of contraceptives. Family planning was also one of the mechanisms or programs established by the government in treating the case of early motherhood. Government saw that if young women would busy themselves in early motherhood, opportunities for them would be lost. Investing in young women or teenage girls would really mean critical and serious endeavor. Young women, just like young men, have great potentials when it comes to what they can contribute in the society.Therefore government, non-governmental, and private institutions should take young womens role in the society as significant as how they view young men. Conclusion Young women have been seen as one of the indicators of social change. In this light, the general public, the government and the society itself see young women as vital factors within and impertinent the community. The distinction between can-do and at-risk girls was derived from the div erse approach of young women on the concept of success and failure. Likewise, the society sets criteria from which young women would be classified as either can-do or at-risk.Furthermore, facets such as personal choice, planned effort, economic and cultural groupings are seen as the defining marks that distinguish the young women. In human life aspects, young women play important roles. They are not only seen as child-bearers and family line chores-managers but more of individuals who are capable of transcending themselves from the traditional and conventional roles given to them by the society. In the study and marketplace, young women are regarded as co-equal with young men who have big potential of being subtle and very competitive employee as well as very intelligent consumer.In view of motherhood, young women should be guided by the government in order to prevent them from losing their good careers. Also the labor markets or companies also support such endeavor by giving bon uses and maternity leave to the young women who patronize motherhood in their mid thirties and above. It should be stressed out here that the government and the labor markets are against motherhood only that they view motherhood as more enjoyable when the mother already achieved what she wants and has already established good career and good status in life.To end, classification of young women pertains to their character as persons and as women in striving for successful life supported and facilitated by the society. References AAPOLA, S. , HARRIS, A. GONICK, M. (2005) Young Femininity maidhood, Power and Social Change, Palgrave Macmillan BAER, J. A. (1999) Our Lives Before the Law Constructing a Feminist Jurisprudence. Princeton University Press. BRADLEY, B. (1998). American Cultural History. Retrieved borderland 12, 2007, from http//kclibrary. nhmccd. edu/decade50. html BROOKS, G. (1945). 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